Search results for "Cholesterol Esters"
showing 10 items of 18 documents
Liver fatty acid composition in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat.
1991
The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate if the modulation by insulin of liver microsomal desaturase activities in the spontaneously diabetic adult male Bio-Breeding (BB) rat, with destructive insulitis resembling the lesions described in the human Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes, corresponds to modifications in fatty acid composition, reflect of changes in fatty acid desaturation. We observed no significant differences between BB rats, during the hyper-(48 h), the normo-(17 h) and the hypo-glycemic (3 h) periods which followed the insulin injection, and control rats for the fatty acid composition of liver total lipids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, tr…
Plasma lipidomic profiles and cardiovascular events in a randomized intervention trial with the Mediterranean diet.
2017
Background: Lipid metabolites may partially explain the inverse association between the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).Objective: We evaluated the associations between 1) lipid species and the risk of CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death); 2) a MedDiet intervention [supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) or nuts] and 1-y changes in these molecules; and 3) 1-y changes in lipid species and subsequent CVD.Design: With the use of a case-cohort design, we profiled 202 lipid species at baseline and after 1 y of intervention in the PREDIMED (PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea) trial in 983 participants [230 cases and a random subcohort …
Ajuga ivaaqueous extract improves reverse cholesterol transport in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat
2012
AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of Ajuga iva aqueous extract on lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and amount and composition of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)2 and (HDL)3, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.MethodsDiabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). Diabetic rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups. The diabetic control group (D) received a 20% casein diet and the diabetic treated group received the same diet supplemented with A. iva aqueous extract (0.5 g/100 g diet) (DAi), for 4 weeks.Key findingsTotal cholesterol and HDL3-C were respectively decreased by…
Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: Expanding differential diagnosis.
2016
The differential diagnoses for metabolic liver diseases may be challenging in clinical settings, which represents a critical issue for disorders such as lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D). LAL-D is caused by deficient activity of the LAL enzyme, resulting in the accumulation of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides throughout the body, predominately in the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, and blood vessel walls. LAL-D is a progressive, multi-organ disease with early mortality and significant morbidity characterized by a combination of hepatic dysfunction and dyslipidemia. Evidence suggests LAL-D may be substantially underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, which is critical given that dis…
Mixtures of lecithin with polymerizable derivatives of cholesterol. A monolayer film balance study.
1986
One of the best investigated binary lipid mixtures is the lecithin-cholesterol system. We show here that it is possible to modify the cholesterol in such a way that it can be polymerized without changing its behaviour in mixtures with lecithin. The polymerizable derivatives exhibit a very similar phase diagram in the mixture with dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine as the cholesterol itself. This is demonstrated by filmbalance measurements.
Lipid and fatty acid profile of the retina, retinal pigment epithelium/choroid, and the lacrimal gland, and associations with adipose tissue fatty ac…
2008
International audience; Accumulation of lipids within Bruch’s membrane (BrM) and between BrM and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) accounts for one of the biological changes associated with normal aging and may contribute to the development of age-related maculopathies. The origin of these lipids is still being actively investigated. The relative contribution of plasma lipids and lipids coming from the neural retina remains a matter of controversy. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) have been reported to significantly participate in the retina’s lipid supply, after active remodeling within RPE. Meanwhile, RPE expresses the enzymatic machinery for synthesizing lipoprotein-like particles. The obj…
Myristic acid is associated to low plasma HDL cholesterol levels in a Mediterranean population and increases HDL catabolism by enhancing HDL particle…
2016
Background: HDL-C plasma levels are modulated by dietary fatty acid (FA), but studies investigating dietary supplementation in FA gave contrasting results. Saturated FA increased HDL-C levels only in some studies. Mono-unsaturated FA exerted a slight effect while poly-unsaturated FA mostly increased plasma HDL-C. Aims: This study presents two aims: i) to investigate the relationship between HDL-C levels and plasma FA composition in a Sicilian population following a "Mediterranean diet", ii) to investigate if FA that resulted correlated with plasma HDL-C levels in the population study and/or very abundant in the plasma were able to affect HDL catabolism in an "in vitro" model of cultured hep…
Inability of HDL from abdominally obese subjects to counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized LDL on vasorelaxation.
2007
Abdominal obesity is associated with a decreased plasma concentration of HDL cholesterol and with qualitative modifications of HDL, such as triglyceride enrichment. Our aim was to determine, in isolated aorta rings, whether HDL from obese subjects can counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) on endothelium-dependent vasodilation as efficiently as HDL from normolipidemic, lean subjects. Plasma triglycerides were 74% higher (P < 0.005) in obese subjects compared with controls, and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL cholesterol concentrations were 12% and 17% lower (P < 0.05), respectively. HDL from control subjects significantly reduced the inhibitory effe…
Interaction of the Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (VCC) with cholesterol, some cholesterol esters, and cholesterol derivatives: a TEM study.
2002
The Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (VCC) 63-kDa monomer has been shown to interact in aqueous suspension with cholesterol microcystals to produce a ring/pore-like heptameric oligomer approximately 8 nm in outer diameter. Transmission electron microscopy data were produced from cholesterol samples adsorbed to carbon support films, spread across the holes of holey carbon films, and negatively stained with ammonium molybdate. The VCC oligomers initially attach to the edge of the stacked cholesterol bilayers and with increasing time cover the two planar surfaces. VCC oligomers are also released into solution, with some tendency to cluster, possibly via the hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain. At th…
ApoB100,LDLR-/- mice exhibit reduced electroretinographic response and cholesteryl esters deposits in the retina
2008
International audience; PURPOSE. To evaluate the retinal phenotype of 7- and 14-month-old apoB100,LDLR–/– mice, a relevant animal model of lipid metabolism dysfunction. METHODS. Single-flash electroretinograms were obtained from 7- and 14-month-old apoB100,LDLR–/– and control mice fed a standard diet under both scotopic and photopic conditions. Visual cycle retinoids were analyzed in eyes from dark-adapted mice. Retinal and choroidal vascularization was evaluated with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Fatty acids were analyzed in the retina. Esterified and free cholesterol was detected in eye cryosections. RESULTS. Scotopic and photopic b-wave amplitudes were significantly reduced in apoB100,L…